Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the three main categories of motivation for terrorism?

• A. Rational
• B. Psychological
• C. Cultural
• D. Economic

Answer: (D)

This framework separates motives into three broad types: rational calculations, psychological drivers, and cultural influences. Economic motives do not appear as one of the three main categories in this model, even though economic conditions can influence or exacerbate violence.

Rational motives describe actions driven by a calculated assessment of costs and benefits to achieve specific objectives. Psychological motives involve individual mental states, grievances, trauma, or personality factors that push someone toward violence. Cultural motives relate to identity, group norms, beliefs, and shared values that legitimize or motivate collective action.

So, economic factors aren’t listed among the three primary categories in this framework, which is why they’re not considered a main category here.